What is Human trafficking?

According to the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 (TVPA) and its 2003, 2005, and 2008 reauthorizations, human trafficking has occurred if a person was induced to perform labor or a commercial sex act through force, fraud, or coercion. Any person under age 18 who performs a commercial sex act is considered a victim of human trafficking, regardless of whether force, fraud, or coercion was present.

  • Recognize that the person in the situation knows their situation best, and it is necessary to honor their requests to ensure their safety.
  • Maintain open and nonjudgmental communication, ensuring they know they can reach out at any time, and end the call when they need to.
  • Try to speak in person if possible. If that is not possible, try to speak on the phone first [rather than via text or social media messaging] and ask if the person is alone, and then use yes/no questions until they indicate it is safe to communicate more freely.
  • If they are alone, try to establish safety words: one word to indicate it is safe to talk/the person is alone [for future communications] and one to indicate it is no longer safe to talk and what the person in the situation would like done (cease communication immediately/contact law enforcement/etc.)
  • Try to learn more about safety concerns.
  • Try to learn more about their needs/wishes moving forward (reporting, shelter, counseling, legal services, etc.).

People who have been trafficked and sexually exploited may:

  • Believe they must work against their will.
  • Show fear & anxiety.
  • Suffer injuries or impairments (typical of certain jobs, control measures, or assault).
  • Be distrustful of authorities.
  • Not know their home or work address.
  • Work long hours or have few or no days off.
  • Be of any age (Although the age may vary according to the location and the market).
  • Live or travel in a group.
  • Have tattoos or other marks indicating “ownership” by their exploiters.
  • Be escorted whenever they go to and return from work and other outside activities.
  • Have an older boyfriend.
  • Have new friends with a different lifestyle than their own and be involved in a gang.